The solvent dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) has received intense lay publicity sporadically over the last two decades. The compound has been particularly promoted as an analgesic and anti-inflammatory agent. Its membrane penetrant-carrier properties have also been of prime interest. The history, physical/chemical and pharmacological properties, pharmacokinetics, clinical trials, therapeutic uses, side effects and dosage/administration of DMSO are reviewed. Legal implications and concerns with regard to DMSO use are presented in addition to advice for patients.