Energy metabolism analysis of exogenous glutamate on promoting co-accumulation of astaxanthin yield and biomass in Phaffia rhodozyma D3

Chunyu Cai; Na Xu; Jiale Feng; Jiahua Zhang; Qianxi Zhao; Huimin Liu; Bo Nan; Xia Li; Yuhua Wang

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130834

Energy metabolism analysis of exogenous glutamate on promoting co-accumulation of astaxanthin yield and biomass in Phaffia rhodozyma D3

Bioresour Technol. 2024 Jun:402:130834. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130834. Epub 2024 May 11.

Authors

Chunyu Cai¹, Na Xu², Jiale Feng³, Jiahua Zhang⁴, Qianxi Zhao⁵, Huimin Liu⁶, Bo Nan⁷, Xia Li⁸, Yuhua Wang⁹

Affiliations

¹ College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China; Jilin Province Innovation Center for Food Biological Manufacture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China. Electronic address: chunyucai01@163.com.
² College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China; Jilin Province Innovation Center for Food Biological Manufacture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China. Electronic address: 2826275091@qq.com.
³ College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China; Jilin Province Innovation Center for Food Biological Manufacture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China. Electronic address: 2711190564@qq.com.
⁴ College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China; Jilin Province Innovation Center for Food Biological Manufacture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China. Electronic address: 1419197199@qq.com.
⁵ College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China; Jilin Province Innovation Center for Food Biological Manufacture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China. Electronic address: 553554643@qq.com.
⁶ College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China; Jilin Province Innovation Center for Food Biological Manufacture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Wheat and Corn Deep Processing, Changchun, China. Electronic address: liuhuimin@jlau.edu.cn.
⁷ College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China; Jilin Province Innovation Center for Food Biological Manufacture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China. Electronic address: nanbo@jlau.edu.cn.
⁸ College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China; Jilin Province Innovation Center for Food Biological Manufacture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China. Electronic address: 271213494@qq.com.
⁹ College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China; Jilin Province Innovation Center for Food Biological Manufacture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China; National Processing Laboratory for Soybean Industry and Technology, Changchun, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Wheat and Corn Deep Processing, Changchun, China. Electronic address: yuhua-ww@163.com.

PMID: 38740311
DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130834

Abstract

Effective metabolic regulators play an essential role in regulating astaxanthin biosynthesis in Phaffia rhodozyma. In this study, it was found that 5 mM glutamate increased the astaxanthin yield and biomass of P. rhodozyma D3 to 22.34 mg/L and 6.12 g/L, which were 1.22 and 1.33 times higher than the control group, respectively. Meanwhile, glucose uptake was increased and the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was reduced with 5 mM glutamate. To further explore the interrelationship between glutamate and astaxanthin synthesis, the energy metabolism of P. rhodozyma D3 with and without glutamate was analysed. Glutamate promoted the Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathway (EMP) metabolic flux, modulated the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), activated the ornithine cycle and purine metabolism, and provided more ATP and NADPH for astaxanthin accumulation. This study clarified the possible mechanism by which glutamate promoted astaxanthin accumulation in P. rhodozyma.

Keywords: Astaxanthin; Biomass; Glutamate; Metabolomics; Phaffia rhodozyma.

MeSH terms

Biomass*
Energy Metabolism* / drug effects
Glucose / metabolism
Glutamic Acid* / metabolism
Reactive Oxygen Species / metabolism
Xanthophylls* / metabolism

Substances

Xanthophylls
astaxanthine
Glutamic Acid
Reactive Oxygen Species
Glucose